Lecanora chlarotera

General description: 

Thallus continuous, forming neatly delimited patches, smooth to roughened or warty, pale grey or sometimes yellow-grey. Prothallus absent (black zone lines can sometimes form between genetically disinct colonies). Isidia and soralia absent. Photobiont chlorococcoid.
Anamorph: Conidiomata pycnidia. Conidia 10-14 μm long, cylindrical.
Teleomorph: ascomata apothecia, 0.4-0.8 (-1.5) mm diam., sessile, often aggregated. Thalline exciple well-developed, peristent, entire to irregularly crenulate or slightly warted, the medulla with massive irregular crystal clusters not dissolving in K. Disc flat, pale dull brown to rose-, orange- or red-brown, not or rarely slightly pruinose. Epithecium hyaline to grey-brown, overlain with numerous coarse granules (epipsamma) soluble in K and N. Hymenium 70-95 μm tall. Interascal tissue of paraphyses 1.5-2 μm diam., simple or sparsely branched, apices 2.5-4 μm diam., slightly swollen and yellow-brown, not capitate. Asci 65-80 × 10-15 μm, subcylindrical to elongate-clavate, 8-spored. Ascospores (9-) 11-13 (-15) × 6.5-7.5 (-8.5) μm, broadly ellipsoidal, aseptate, fairly thin-walled, smooth, without an epispora, gelatinous sheath or appendages. 
Chemistry: thallus C–, K+ yellow, Pd–, UV reflecting mauve-purple (atranorin, gangaleoidin, ± roccellic acid, ± californin).

Conservation status: 

Assessed by Woods & Coppins (2012) as of Least Concern. Considered to be the commonest corticolous member of the Lecanora subfusca group in the region.

Diagnostic description: 

Care should be taken when separating the superficially similar and primarily saxicolous Lecanora campestris; specimens on timber require TLC to separate them with certainty. Black pycnidia of Vouauxiella species often occur at the junction between the exciple and disc; infected apothecia are generally discoloured. L. pulicaris differs in the Pd+ red exciple and the red to orange-brown epithecium with fine granules, not soluble in N. Specimens with well-developed,
irregularly warted thalline exciple and coarsely uneven-warted thallus are sometimes called L. rugosella. See also L. argentata, L. horiza and L. populicola. Small-fruited specimens resemble Lecania fuscella.

Distribution: 

Throughout the British Isles, except in the most polluted areas. BLS map here.

Habitat: 

On bark and wood, mainly of deciduous trees and also worked timber.

Notes: 
Description adapted from Edwards et al. (2009).
Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical): Ed Baker, Katherine Bouton Alice Heaton Dimitris Koureas, Laurence Livermore, Dave Roberts, Simon Rycroft, Ben Scott, Vince Smith