@article {5518, title = {Reinstatement of Coleonaema for Coleophoma oleae and notes on Coleophoma}, journal = {Fungal Diversity}, volume = {26}, year = {2007}, pages = {187-204}, url = {https://www.fungaldiversity.org/fdp/sfdp/26-7.pdf}, author = {Duan, J.-X. and Liu, X-Z. and Wu, W.-P.} } @article {5508, title = {New lichenicolous fungi from Eurasia}, journal = {Graphis Scripta}, volume = {19}, year = {2007}, pages = {1-9}, url = {http://nhm2.uio.no/botanisk/lav/Graphis/19_1/GS_19_1.pdf}, author = {Zhurbenko, M.P.} } @article {5317, title = {La genroj Verrucula kaj Verruculopsis (Verrucariaceae, Verrucariales)}, journal = {Bulletin de la Soci{\'e}t{\'e} Linn{\'e}ene de Provence}, volume = {58}, year = {2007}, pages = {133-180}, author = {Navarro-Rosin{\'e}s, P. and Roux, C. and Gueidan, C.} } @article {5058, title = {Scutula tuberculosa, the correct name of the Scutula growing on Solorina spp., with a key to Scutula s. str. in the Northern Hemisphere}, journal = {Lichenologist}, volume = {39}, year = {2007}, pages = {329-333}, issn = {0024-2829}, doi = {10.1017/S0024282907006949}, url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0024282907006949}, author = {Wedin, M. and Ihlen, P.G. and Triebel, D.} } @article {4598, title = {A phylogenetic study of Fuscideaceae using mtSSU rDNA}, journal = {Bibliotheca Lichenologica}, volume = {96}, year = {2007}, pages = {49-60}, author = {Bylin, A. and Arnerup, J. and H{\"o}gberg, N. and Thor, G.} } @article {4571, title = {Overview of the genus Claussenomyces and a description of Italian collections}, journal = {Czech Mycology}, volume = {59}, year = {2007}, pages = {101-109}, url = {http://www.czechmycology.org/_cm/CM59109F.pdf}, author = {Medardi, G.} } @article {4538, title = {Observations on Neobarya, including new species and new combinations}, journal = {Sydowia}, year = {2007}, pages = {179-215}, author = {Candoussau, F. and Boqueras, M. and G{\'o}mez-Bolea, A. and Laessoe, T. and Lowen, R. and Rogers, J.D. and Rossman, A.Y. and Samuels, G.J.} } @article {4361, title = {New or interesting lichenicolous heterobasidiomycetes}, journal = {Opuscula Philolichenum}, volume = {4}, year = {2007}, pages = {11-22}, url = {http://clade.ansp.org/botany/people/lendemer/volume4.html}, author = {Diederich, P.} } @article {4348, title = {Parmelina quercina (Parmeliaceae, Lecanorales) includes four phylogenetically supported morphospecies}, journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean Society}, volume = {91}, year = {2007}, pages = {455-467}, doi = {10.1111/j.1095-8312.2007.00810.x}, url = {http://blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/bij.2007.91.issue-3}, author = {Arg{\"u}ello, A. and del Prado, R. and Cubas, P. and Crespo, A.} } @article {4311, title = {Evolution of ITS ribosomal RNA secondary structures in fungal and algal symbionts of selected species of Cladonia sect. Cladonia (Cladoniaceae, Ascomycotina)}, journal = {Journal of Molecular Evolution}, volume = {64}, year = {2007}, pages = {528-542}, issn = {0022-2844}, doi = {10.1007/s00239-006-0115-x}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00239-006-0115-x}, author = {Beiggi, S. and Piercey-Normore, M.D.} } @article {4270, title = {A phylogenetic study of Fuscideaceae using mtSSU}, journal = {Bibliotheca Lichenologica}, volume = {96}, year = {2007}, pages = {49-60}, isbn = {978-3-443-58075-9}, author = {Bylin, A. and Arnerup, J. and H{\"o}gberg, N. and Thor, J.} } @article {4265, title = {Molecular phylogeny of the genus Lecania (Ramalinaceae, lichenized Ascomycota)}, journal = {Mycological Research}, volume = {111}, year = {2007}, pages = {581-591}, issn = {09537562}, doi = {10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.001}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0953756207000585}, author = {Reese N{\ae}sborg, R. and Ekman, S. and Tibell, L.} } @article {4188, title = {A phylogenetic overview of the family Pyronemataceae (Ascomycota, Pezizales)}, journal = {Mycological Research}, volume = {111}, year = {2007}, pages = {549-571}, abstract = {

Partial sequences of nuLSU rDNA were obtained to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of Pyronemataceae, the largest and least studied family of Pezizales. The dataset includes sequences for 162 species from 51 genera of Pyronemataceae, and 39 species from an additional 13 families of Pezizales. Parsimony, ML, and Bayesian analyses suggest that Pyronemataceae is not monophyletic as it is currently circumscribed. Ascodesmidaceae is nested within Pyronemataceae, and several pyronemataceous taxa are resolved outside the family. Glaziellaceae forms the sister group to Pyronemataceae in ML analyses, but this relationship, as well as those of Pyronemataceae to the other members of the lineage, are not resolved with support. Fourteen clades of pyronemataceous taxa are well supported and/or present in all recovered trees. Several pyronemataceous genera are suggested to be non-monophyletic, including Anthracobia, Cheilymenia, Geopyxis, Humaria, Lasiobolidium, Neottiella, Octospora, Pulvinula, Stephensia, Tricharina, and Trichophaea. Cleistothecial and truffle or truffle-like ascomata forms appear to have evolved independently multiple times within Pyronemataceae. Results of these analyses do not support previous classifications of Pyronemataceae, and suggest that morphological characters traditionally used to segregate the family into subfamilial groups are not phylogenetically informative above the genus level.

}, keywords = {Ascomycota, DNA, Fungal, DNA, Ribosomal, Evolution, Molecular, Genes, Fungal, Phenotype, Phylogeny, Sequence Alignment}, issn = {0953-7562}, doi = {10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.014}, author = {Perry, B.A. and Hansen, K. and Pfister, D.H.} } @article {4186, title = {The phylogenetic placement of Ostropales within Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota) revisited}, journal = {Mycological Research}, volume = {111}, year = {2007}, pages = {257-267}, abstract = {

Results of molecular studies regarding the phylogenetic placement of the order Ostropales and related taxa within Lecanoromycetes were thus far inconclusive. Some analyses placed the order as sister to the rest of Lecanoromycetes, while others inferred a position nested within Lecanoromycetes. We assembled a data set of 101 species including sequences from nuLSU rDNA, mtSSU rDNA, and the nuclear protein-coding RPB1 for each species to examine the cause of incongruencies in previously published phylogenies. MP, minimum evolution, and Bayesian analyses were performed using the combined three-region data set and the single-gene data sets. The position of Ostropales nested in Lecanoromycetes is confirmed in all single-gene and concatenated analyses, and a placement as sister to the rest of Lecanoromycetes is significantly rejected using two independent methods of alternative topology testing. Acarosporales and related taxa (Acarosporaceae group) are basal in Lecanoromycetes. However, if the these basal taxa are excluded from the analyses, Ostropales appear to be sister to the rest of Lecanoromycetes, suggesting different ingroup rooting as the cause for deviating topologies in previously published phylogenies.

}, keywords = {Ascomycota, Fungal Proteins, Genes, Fungal, Phylogeny, Species Specificity}, issn = {0953-7562}, doi = {10.1016/j.mycres.2007.01.006}, author = {Lumbsch, H.T. and Schmitt, I. and L{\"u}cking, R. and Wiklund, E. and Wedin, M.} } @article {4166, title = {Parallel evolution of lichen growth forms in the family Roccellaceae (Arthoniales, Ascomycota)}, journal = {Cladistics}, volume = {23}, year = {2007}, pages = {432-454}, issn = {0748-3007}, doi = {10.1111/cla.2007.23.issue-510.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00156.x}, url = {http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/toc/cla/23/5}, author = {Tehler, A. and Irestedt, M.} } @article {4144, title = {The systematic position of Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii}, journal = {Mycologia}, volume = {99}, year = {2007}, pages = {240-252}, abstract = {

Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii, causal agent of the Douglas-fir foliar disease Swiss needle cast, is the only known pathogenic species of the genus. Current classifications place Phaeocryptopus in the Venturiaceae (Pleosporales), typified by the apple-scab pathogen Venturia inaequalis. All core members of this family have hyphomycetous anamorphs. We sought to confirm these relationships by means of phylogenetic analyses of the small (SSU) and large (LSU) subunits and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal gene sequences (nrDNA). Analyses indicated that both the genus Phaeocryptopus and the family Venturiaceae, as currently defined, are unnatural groups. Phaeocryptopus nudus, type of the genus, is aligned in the Dothioraceae (Dothideales) and P. gaeumannii in the Mycosphaerellaceae (Capnodiales) near species of Mycosphaerella and Rasutoria. Core representatives of Venturiaceae formed an unambiguous clade but ordinal placement was unresolved. The family apparently is not included in the Pleosporales, Dothideales, Myriangiales or Capnodiales. Coelomycetous Rhizosphaera form-species are accepted generally as anamorphic states of Phaeocryptopus, however the relationship never has been established conclusively. Species of Rhizosphaera are closely related to P. nudus but not to P. gaeumannii, supporting an anamorph-teleomorph connection between Rhizosphaera and Phaeocryptopus and providing further evidence that P. gaeumanii is not congeneric with P. nudus.

}, issn = {0027-5514}, url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15572536.2007.11832584}, author = {Winton, L.M. and Stone, J.K. and Hansen, E.M. and Shoemaker, R.A.} } @article {4143, title = {Taxonomy of Calicium victorianum (F. Wilson) Tibell (Caliciaceae, Lecanorales), a lichenized ascomycete new to Europe}, journal = {Lichenologist}, volume = {39}, year = {2007}, pages = {401-407}, issn = {0024-2829}, doi = {10.1017/S0024282907006895}, url = {http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0024282907006895}, author = {Aguirre-Hudson, B. and Kokobun, T. and Spooner, B.M. and Tibell, L.} } @article {4057, title = {Phylloblastia inexpectata (Verrucariaceae), a new species of foliicolous lichen from Western Europe and Madeira}, journal = {Lichenologist}, volume = {39}, year = {2007}, pages = {103-108}, issn = {0024-2829}, doi = {10.1017/S0024282907006500}, url = {http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0024282907006500}, author = {S{\'e}rusiaux, E. and Coppins, B.J. and L{\"u}cking, R.} } @article {4038, title = {Candelariella (Candelariaceae) in western United States and northern Mexico: the polysporous species}, journal = {Bryologist}, volume = {110}, year = {2007}, pages = {375-390}, issn = {0007-2745}, doi = {10.1639/0007-2745(2007)110[375:CCIWUS]2.0.CO;2}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1639/0007-2745\%282007\%29110\%5B375\%3ACCIWUS\%5D2.0.CO\%3B2}, author = {Westberg, M.} } @article {4036, title = {Candelariella (Candelariaceae) in western United States and northern Mexico: The 8-spored, lecanorine Species }, journal = {Bryologist}, volume = {110}, year = {2007}, pages = {391-419}, url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/20110872}, author = {Westberg, M.} } @article {4035, title = {Phylogenetic studies in the Candelariaceae (lichenized Ascomycota) based on nuclear ITS DNA sequence data}, journal = {Mycological Research}, volume = {111}, year = {2007}, pages = {1277-1284}, issn = {09537562}, doi = {10.1016/j.mycres.2007.08.007}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0953756207001918}, author = {Westberg, M. and Arup, U. and K{\"a}rnefelt, I.} } @article {3942, title = {Volvariella aethiops nov.sp.}, journal = {Bull. Myc. et Bot. Dauphin{\'e}-Savoie}, volume = {184}, year = {2007}, chapter = {19}, author = {Favre, A. and Vialard, J.} } @article {3905, title = {Upper cortex anatomy corroborates phylogenetic hypothesis in species of Physconia (Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes)}, journal = {Mycological Research}, volume = {111}, year = {2007}, pages = {1311-1320}, issn = {09537562}, doi = {10.1016/j.mycres.2007.08.009}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0953756207001931}, author = {Divakar, P.K. and Amo de Paz, G. and del Prado, R. and Esslinger, T.L. and Crespo, A.} } @mastersthesis {3882, title = {Systematics of the lichen family Verrucariaceae and evolution of the rock-inhabiting habit within a group of ecologically diverse fungi (Chaetothyriomycetidae, Ascomycota)}, volume = {PhD}, year = {2007}, pages = {210 pp.}, school = {Duke University}, address = {Durham, North Carolina}, url = {http://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/handle/10161/433}, author = {Gueidan, C.} } @article {3384, title = {Testing morphology-based hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships in Parmeliaceae (Ascomycota) using three ribosomal markers and the nuclear RPB1 gene}, journal = {Molecular and Phylogenetic Evolution}, volume = {44}, year = {2007}, pages = {812-824}, abstract = {

Parmeliaceae is the largest family of lichen-forming fungi with more than 2000 species and includes taxa with different growth forms. Morphology was widely employed to distinguish groups within this large, cosmopolitan family. In this study we test these morphology-based groupings using DNA sequence data from three nuclear and one mitochondrial marker from 120 taxa that include 59 genera and represent the morphological and chemical diversity in this lineage. Parmeliaceae is strongly supported as monophyletic and six well-supported main clades can be distinguished within the family. The relationships among them remain unresolved. The clades largely agree with the morphology-based groupings and only the placement of four of the genera studied is rejected by molecular data, while four other genera belong to clades previously unrecognised. The classification of these previously misplaced genera, however, has already been questioned by some authors based on morphological evidence. These results support morphological characters as important for the identification of monophyletic clades within Parmeliaceae.

}, issn = {1055-7903}, doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2006.11.029}, author = {Crespo, A. and Lumbsch, H.T. and Mattsson, J.-E. and Blanco, O. and Divakar, P.K. and Articus, K. and Wiklund, E. and Bawingan, P.A. and Wedin, M.} } @article {3225, title = {Acarospora smaragdula in North America}, journal = {Evansia}, volume = {24}, year = {2007}, pages = {94-97}, issn = {0747-9859}, doi = {10.1639/0747-9859-24.4.94}, url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1639/0747-9859-24.4.94}, author = {Knudsen, K.} } @article {3197, title = {New lichenicolous, muscicolous, corticolous and lignicolous taxa of Burgoa s.l. and Marchandiomyces s.l. (anamorphic Basidiomycota), a new genus for Omphalina foliacea, and a catalogue and a key to the non-lichenized, bulbilliferous basidiomycetes}, journal = {Mycological Progress}, volume = {6}, year = {2007}, pages = {61-80}, issn = {1617-416X}, doi = {10.1007/s11557-007-0523-3}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11557-007-0523-3}, author = {Diederich, P. and Lawrey, J.D.} } @article {3167, title = {Opportunistic, human-pathogenic species in the Herpotrichiellaceae are phenotypically similar to saprobic or phytopathogenic species in the Venturiaceae}, journal = {Studies in Mycology}, volume = {58}, year = {2007}, pages = {185-217}, issn = {01660616}, doi = {10.3114/sim.2007.58.07}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0166061614601238}, author = {Crous, P.W. and Schubert, K. and Braun, U. and de Hoog, G.S. and Hocking, A.D. and Shin, H.-D. and Groenewald, J.Z.} } @article {3029, title = {Catillaria fungoides found in Cape Verde, The Netherlands and Turkey, with notes on accompanying species}, journal = {{\"O}sterreichische Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Pilzkunde}, volume = {16}, year = {2007}, pages = {1-3}, url = {http://www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/OestZPilz_16_0001-0006.pdf}, author = {van den Boom, P. and van den Boom, B. and Yazici, K.} } @article {3026, title = {Scutellinia legaliae}, volume = {2015}, year = {2007}, url = {http://www.ascofrance.fr/search_recolte/1840}, author = {Hairaud, M.} } @article {2914, title = {Gene flow in symbionts of Cladonia arbuscula}, journal = {Lichenologist}, volume = {39}, year = {2007}, pages = {69-82}, issn = {0024-2829}, doi = {10.1017/S0024282906005809}, url = {http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0024282906005809}, author = {Robertson, J. and Piercey-Normore, M.D.} } @article {2844, title = {Bacidia coprodes{\textemdash}resurrecting a misinterpreted species}, journal = {Lichenologist}, volume = {39}, year = {2007}, pages = {251-257}, issn = {0024-2829}, doi = {10.1017/S0024282907006779}, url = {http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0024282907006779}, author = {Llop, E. and Ekman, S.} } @article {2773, title = {Water stress and insect defoliation promote the colonization of Quercus cerris by the fungus Biscogniauxia mediterranea}, journal = {Forest Pathology}, volume = {37}, year = {2007}, pages = {129-135}, issn = {1437-4781}, doi = {10.1111/efp.2007.37.issue-210.1111/j.1439-0329.2007.00489.x}, url = {http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/toc/efp/37/2http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1439-0329.2007.00489.x}, author = {Capretti, P. and Battisti, A.} } @article {2744, title = {The systematic position of Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii}, journal = {Mycologia}, volume = {99}, year = {2007}, pages = {240-252}, issn = {0027-5514}, doi = {10.3852/mycologia.99.2.240}, url = {http://www.mycologia.org/cgi/doi/10.3852/mycologia.99.2.240}, author = {Winton, L.M. and Stone, J.K. and Hansen, E.M. and Shoemaker, R.A.} } @article {2689, title = {Testing morphology-based hypotheses of phylogenetic relationships in Parmeliaceae (Ascomycota) using three ribosomal markers and the nuclear RPB1 gene}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {44}, year = {2007}, pages = {812-824}, issn = {10557903}, doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2006.11.029}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1055790306004854}, author = {Crespo, A. and Lumbsch, H.T. and Mattsson, J.-E. and Blanco, O. and Divakar, P.K. and Articus, K. and Wiklund, E. and Bawingan, P.A. and Wedin, M.} } @mastersthesis {2681, title = {Incidence and biology of Anisogramma virgultorum on birch in Scotland }, volume = {PhD}, year = {2007}, url = {http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485681}, author = {Silva, H. de} } @article {2618, title = {Phylogenetic diversity of lichen-associated homobasidiomycetes}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, volume = {44}, year = {2007}, pages = {778-789}, issn = {10557903}, doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2006.12.023}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1055790306005148}, author = {Lawrey, J.D. and Binder, M. and Diederich, P. and Molina, M.C. and Sikaroodi, M. and Ertz, D.} } @article {2613, title = {Using a multigene phylogenetic analysis to assess generic delineation and character evolution in Verrucariaceae (Verrucariales, Ascomycota)}, journal = {Mycological Research}, volume = {111}, year = {2007}, pages = {1145-1168}, issn = {09537562}, doi = {10.1016/j.mycres.2007.08.010}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0953756207001943}, author = {Gueidan, C. and Roux, C. and Lutzoni, F.} } @article {2608, title = {A preliminary phylogeny of Aspicilia in relation to morphological and secondary product variation}, journal = {Bibliotheca Lichenologica}, volume = {96}, year = {2007}, pages = { 247-266}, author = {Nordin, A. and Tibell, L. and Owe-Larsson, B.} } @article {2499, title = {The lichen genus Usnea (lichenized Ascomycetes, Parmeliaceae) in Estonia with a key to the species in the Baltic countries}, journal = {Lichenologist}, volume = {39}, year = {2007}, pages = {415-438}, issn = {0024-2829}, doi = {10.1017/S0024282907007220}, author = {T{\~o}rra, T. and Randlane, T.} } @article {2452, title = {Romellia is congeneric with Togninia, and description of Conidiotheca gen. nov. for one species of this genus with polysporous asci}, journal = {Mycological Research}, volume = {111}, year = {2007}, pages = {299-307}, issn = {09537562}, doi = {10.1016/j.mycres.2006.12.002}, author = {R{\'e}blov{\'a}, M. and Mostert, L.} } @article {2393, title = {Lobaria}, journal = {Nordic Lichen Flora}, volume = {3}, year = {2007}, pages = {77-82}, author = {T{\o}nsberg, T. and J{\o}rgensen, P.M.} } @article {2310, title = {Phylogenetic classification of Cordyceps and the clavicipitaceous fungi}, journal = {Studies in Mycology}, volume = {57}, year = {2007}, pages = {63 pp}, doi = {doi:10.3114/sim.2007.57.01}, author = {Sung, G.-H. and Hywel-Jones, N.L. and Sung, J.-M. and Luangsa-Ard, J.J. and Shrestha, B. and Spatafora, J.W.} } @article {2071, title = {A revision of the Lecanora dispersa complex in North America}, journal = {Polish Botanical Journal}, volume = {52}, year = {2007}, pages = {1-70}, url = {http://www.ib-pan.krakow.pl/pubs-pdf/Polish\%20Botanical\%20Journal/2007/Pbj521_s1-70.pdf}, author = {{\'S}liwa, L.} } @inbook {2055, title = {Caloplaca}, booktitle = {Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert}, volume = {3}, year = {2007}, pages = {179-220}, publisher = {Lichens Unlimited}, organization = {Lichens Unlimited}, address = {Tempe, Arizona}, author = {Wetmore, C.M.}, editor = {Nash, T.H. and Gries, C. and Bungartz, F.} } @article {563, title = {A new species of Chaetosphaeria with Menispora ciliata and phialophora-like anamorphs}, journal = {Fungal Diversity}, volume = {29}, year = {2007}, pages = {99-105}, url = {http://www.fungaldiversity.org/fdp/sfdp/29-8.pdf}, author = {R{\'e}blov{\'a}, M. and Seifert, K.A.} } @article {173, title = {Barbatosphaeria gen. et comb. nov., a new genus for Calosphaeria barbirostris}, journal = {Mycologia}, volume = {99}, year = {2007}, pages = {723-732}, doi = {10.3852/mycologia.99.5.723}, author = {R{\'e}blov{\'a}, M.} } @article {102, title = {The type species of Apiognomonia, A. veneta, with its Discula anamorph is distinct from A. errabunda}, journal = {Mycological Research}, volume = {111}, year = {2007}, pages = {693-709}, doi = {10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.013}, author = {Sogonov, M.V. and Castlebury, L.A. and Rossman, A.Y. and White, J.F.} } @article {80, title = {Phylogenetic utility of protein (RPB2, b-tubulin) and ribosomal (LSU, SSU) gene sequences in the systematics of Sordariomycetes (Ascomycota, Fungi)}, journal = {Antonie van Leeuwenhoek}, volume = {91}, year = {2007}, pages = {327-349}, doi = {10.1007/s10482-006-9120-8}, author = {Tang, A.M.C. and Jeewon, R. and Hyde, K.D.} } @article {68, title = {New species of the Diaporthales from eastern Asia and eastern North America}, journal = {Mycologia}, volume = {99}, year = {2007}, pages = {916-923}, doi = {10.3852/mycologia.99.6.916}, author = {Vasilyeva, L.N. and Rossman, A.Y. and Farr, D.F.} }