TY - JOUR T1 - Biodiversity assessment of ascomycetes inhabiting Lobariella lichens in Andean cloud forests led to one new family, three new genera and 13 new species of lichenicolous fungi JF - Plant and Fungal Systematics Y1 - 2019 DO - 10.2478/pfs-2019-0022 A1 - Flakus, A. A1 - Etayo, J. A1 - Miadlikowska, J. A1 - Lutzoni, F. A1 - Kukwa, M. A1 - Matura, N. A1 - Rodriguez-Flakus, P. SP - 283 EP - 344 AB -

AbstractNeotropical mountain forests are characterized by having hyperdiverse and unusual fungi inhabiting lichens. The great majority of these lichenicolous fungi (i.e., detectable by light microscopy) remain undescribed and their phylogenetic relationships are mostly unknown. This study focuses on lichenicolous fungi inhabiting the genus Lobariella (Peltigerales), one of the most important lichen hosts in the Andean cloud forests. Based on molecular and morphological data, three new genera are introduced: Lawreyella gen. nov. (Cordieritidaceae, for Unguiculariopsis lobariella), Neobaryopsis gen. nov. (Cordycipitaceae), and Pseudodidymocyrtis gen. nov. (Didymosphaeriaceae). Nine additional new species are described (Abrothallus subhalei sp. nov., Atronectria lobariellae sp. nov., Corticifraga microspora sp. nov., Epithamnolia rugosopycnidiata sp. nov., Lichenotubeufia cryptica sp. nov., Neobaryopsis andensis sp. nov., Pseudodidymocyrtis lobariellae sp. nov., Rhagadostomella hypolobariella sp. nov., and Xylaria lichenicola sp. nov.). Phylogenetic placements of 13 lichenicolous species are reported here for Abrothallus, Arthonia, Globonectria, Lawreyella, Monodictys, Neobaryopsis, Pseudodidymocyrtis, Sclerococcum, Trichonectria and Xylaria. The name Sclerococcum ricasoliae comb. nov. is reestablished for the neotropical populations formerly named S. lobariellum (Sclerococcales). A key to sexual and asexual states of 40 species of lobariellicolous ascomycetous fungi is provided. Teleomorph-anamorph connections were established for several species using molecular methods and/or visual observations in nature. Additionally, we found that the anamorphic species Cornutispora ophiurospora inhabiting Lobariella was often accompanied by ascomata of Spirographa. Results of phylogenetic analyses, including newly generated sequences of several Cornutispora and Spirographa species inhabiting various host lichens, support the conclusion that Cornutispora is a synonym of Spirographa. Our Maximum Likelihood inference based on multiple loci show that all studied Spirographa (including Cornutispora) belong to a new lineage within Ostropales. Based on these highly supported phylogenetic placements and the distinct character states of their conidiomata, in comparison with other Lecanoromycetes, a new family is proposed – Spirographaceae fam. nov. This new lineage includes broadly distributed mycoparasites, inhabiting various lichen and fungal hosts, and representing an early diversification event preceding the lichen-forming clade of Fissurinaceae, Gomphillaceae and Graphidaceae. Two lichenicolous species, Asteroglobulus giselae and Pleoscutula arsenii, were found to be nested within the Spirographa clade, and their teleomorph-anamorph connections were confirmed based on genotypic and phenotypic data. This phylogenetic result is corroborated by their highly similar ascomata anatomy. Together these results strongly indicate that both species are congeneric with Spirographa. As a result, four new species (S. aggregata sp. nov., S. galligena sp. nov., S. maroneae sp. nov., and S. parmotrematis sp. nov.) and 15 new combinations are proposed (Spirographa ascaridiella comb. nov., S. arsenii comb. nov., S. ciliata comb. nov., S. giselae comb. nov., S. herteliana comb. nov., S. hypotrachynae comb. nov., S. intermedia comb. nov., S. lichenicola comb. nov., S. limaciformis comb. nov., S. ophiurospora comb. nov., S. pittii comb. nov., S. pyramidalis comb. nov., S. triangularis comb. nov., S. tricupulata comb. nov., and S. vermiformis comb. nov.). Species of the genus Spirographa, as outlined here, are strongly host-specific, mainly at the generic level of their host. Some host genera can harbour more than one Spirographa species.

VL - 64 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pfs-2019-0022 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phylogenetic generic classification of parmelioid lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) based on molecular, morphological and chemical evidence JF - Taxon Y1 - 2010 A1 - Crespo, A. A1 - Kauff, F. A1 - Divakar, P.K. A1 - del Prado, R. A1 - Pérez-Ortega, S. A1 - Amo de Paz, G. A1 - Ferencova, Z. A1 - Blanco, O. A1 - Roca-Valiente, B. A1 - Núñez-Zapata, J. A1 - Cubas, P. A1 - Argüello, A. A1 - Elix, J.A. A1 - Esslinger, T.L. A1 - Hawksworth, D.L. A1 - Millanes, A.M. A1 - Molina, M. Carmen A1 - Wedin, M. A1 - Ahti, T. A1 - Aptroot, A. A1 - Barreno, E. A1 - Bungartz, F. A1 - Calvelo, S. A1 - Candan, M. A1 - Cole, M. A1 - Ertz, D. A1 - Goffinet, B. A1 - Lindblom, L. A1 - Lücking, R. A1 - Lutzoni, F. A1 - Mattsson, J.-E. A1 - Messuti, M.I. A1 - Miadlikowska, J. A1 - Piercey-Normore, M.D. A1 - Rico, V.J. A1 - Sipman, H.J.M. A1 - Schmitt, I. A1 - Spribille, T. A1 - Thell, A. A1 - Thor, G. A1 - Upreti, D. A1 - Lumbsch, H.T. SP - 1735 EP - 1753 VL - 59 UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/41059870 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Macroevolution of specificity in cyanolichens of the genus Peltigera section Polydactylon (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) JF - Systematic Biology Y1 - 2016 DO - 10.1093/sysbio/syw065 A1 - Magain, N. A1 - Miadlikowska, J. A1 - Goffinet, B. A1 - Sérusiaux, E. A1 - Lutzoni, F. SP - 74 EP - 99 VL - 66 UR - https://academic.oup.com/sysbio/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/sysbio/syw065 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conserved genomic collinearity as a source of broadly applicable, fast evolving, markers to resolve species complexes: A case study using the lichen-forming genus Peltigera section Polydactylon JF - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Y1 - 2017 DO - 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.08.013 A1 - Magain, N. A1 - Miadlikowska, J. A1 - Mueller, O. A1 - Gajdeczka, M. A1 - Truong, C. A1 - Salamov, A.A. A1 - Dubchak, I. A1 - Grigoriev, I.V. A1 - Goffinet, B. A1 - Sérusiaux, E. A1 - Lutzoni, F. SP - 10 EP - 29 VL - 117 UR - http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S105579031730636X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phylogenetic affiliations of members of the heterogeneous lichen-forming fungi of the genus Lecidea sensu Zahlbruckner (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) JF - Mycologia Y1 - 2011 DO - 10.3852/10-234 A1 - Schmull, M. A1 - Miadlikowska, J. A1 - Pelzer, M. A1 - Stocker-Worgotter, E. A1 - Hofstetter, V. A1 - Fraker, E. A1 - Hodkinson, B.P. A1 - Reeb, V. A1 - Kukwa, M. A1 - Lumbsch, H.T. A1 - Kauff, F. A1 - Lutzoni, F. SP - 983 EP - 1003 VL - 103 UR - http://www.mycologia.org/cgi/doi/10.3852/10-234 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Are widespread morphospecies from the Lecanora dispersa group (lichen-forming Ascomycota) monophyletic? JF - Bryologist Y1 - 2012 DO - 10.1639/0007-2745-115.2.265 A1 - Śliwa, L. A1 - Miadlikowska, J. A1 - Redelings, B.D. A1 - Molnar, K. A1 - Lutzoni, F. SP - 265 EP - 277 VL - 115 UR - http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1639/0007-2745-115.2.265 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contributions of North American endophytes to the phylogeny, ecology, and taxonomy of Xylariaceae (Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota). JF - Molecular and Phylogenetic Evolution Y1 - 2016 DO - 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.02.010 A1 - U'Ren, J.M. A1 - Miadlikowska, J. A1 - Zimmerman, N.B. A1 - Lutzoni, F. A1 - Stajich, J.E. A1 - Arnold, A.E. SP - 210 EP - 232 AB -

The Xylariaceae (Sordariomycetes) comprise one of the largest and most diverse families of Ascomycota, with at least 85 accepted genera and ca. 1343 accepted species. In addition to their frequent occurrence as saprotrophs, members of the family often are found as endophytes in living tissues of phylogenetically diverse plants and lichens. Many of these endophytes remain sterile in culture, precluding identification based on morphological characters. Previous studies indicate that endophytes are highly diverse and represent many xylariaceous genera; however, phylogenetic analyses at the family level generally have not included endophytes, such that their contributions to understanding phylogenetic relationships of Xylariaceae are not well known. Here we use a multi-locus, cumulative supermatrix approach to integrate 92 putative species of fungi isolated from plants and lichens into a phylogenetic framework for Xylariaceae. Our collection spans 1933 isolates from living and senescent tissues in five biomes across the continental United States, and here is analyzed in the context of previously published sequence data from described species and additional taxon sampling of type specimens from culture collections. We found that the majority of strains obtained in our surveys can be classified in the hypoxyloid and xylaroid subfamilies, although many also were found outside of these lineages (as currently circumscribed). Many endophytes were placed in lineages previously not known for endophytism. Most endophytes appear to represent novel species, but inferences are limited by potential gaps in public databases. By linking our data, publicly available sequence data, and records of ascomata, we identify many geographically widespread, host-generalist clades capable of symbiotic associations with diverse photosynthetic partners. Concomitant with such cosmopolitan host use and distributions, many xylariaceous endophytes appear to inhabit both living and non-living plant tissues, with potentially important roles as saprotrophs. Overall, our study reveals major gaps in the availability of multi-locus datasets and metadata for this iconic family, and provides new hypotheses regarding the ecology and evolution of endophytism and other trophic modes across the family Xylariaceae.

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